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Tree Philodendron

Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum (formerly Philodendron selloum; incl. compact 'Xanadu')

FoliageEasyModeratetoxic to pets
Good to know: Reclassified out of Philodendron entirely in 2018 into Thaumatophyllum, meaning "wonder leaf." With age it builds a woody trunk patterned with eye-like leaf scars, earning huge specimens real tree status.

Through the year 🗓️

☀️ Summer now

Water generously in the heat and hose or shower the big leaves clean of dust.

🍂 Fall

Stop feeding, trim tired outer leaves, and pull it back from cold glass.

❄️ Winter

Rest it: water when the top few inches dry, no fertilizer, and keep it above 55 °F.

🌱 Spring

Size up the pot before the growth surge and start monthly feeding.

The details

Light & placement

Light
Medium to bright indirect; tolerates a little gentle morning sun
Ideal PPFD
150–350 µmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹
Grow-light distance
16–24 in below LED

Water & feed

Watering method
Water deeply when the top 2 in are dry and let it drain. Big leaves drink plenty, but the thick trunk-like stem rots in standing wet.
Fertilizer
Balanced feed at ½ strength, monthly in spring–summer. It's a hungry grower.

Home & habit

Soil
Rich, chunky, well-draining mix; pH 5.6–7.5
Humidity
Average to high (50%+)
Temperature
65–85 °F; keep above 55 °F
Mature size
3–5 ft tall & wide indoors ('Xanadu' stays ~2–3 ft)
Repotting
Every 1–2 yrs; it outgrows pots fast
Propagation
Stem cuttings with a node; offsets at the base; seed (rare indoors).

When something looks wrong

Overwatering signs
Yellowing lower leaves, mushy stem base, soil that never dries
Underwatering signs
Drooping fronds, curling leaflets, brown crispy tips
Common pests
Spider mites, mealybugs, scale
Care notes: Budget floor space, not shelf space: those deeply-lobed leaves span 2–3 ft each and it grows wider than tall. Old leaves yellowing and dropping off the trunk as it climbs is normal aging, not a problem.

Common problems 🩺

The usual suspects when Tree Philodendron looks unhappy. Most houseplant trouble is watering or light, not disease — see all plant problems if you are not sure which plant is the culprit.

Yellowing lower leaves

Likely cause
Overwatering, or the natural shedding of old leaves as the trunk grows.

What to do
Let the top 2 inches dry. The odd old leaf yellowing at the base is normal.

Sprawling wider and wider

Likely cause
Its natural habit, exaggerated by low light.

What to do
Brighter indirect light keeps it tighter, but give it room — this plant gets big.

Brown crispy edges

Likely cause
Dry air or inconsistent watering.

What to do
Raise humidity and water on a steadier rhythm.

More like this 🌿

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